Neptune was the first planet found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of planet Uranus led Alexis Bouvard, a French astronomer, to deduce that an eighth planet existed in the solar system. On 23 September 1846, Johann Gottfried Galle, with the assistance of student Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, was the first person to view the planet Neptune. He used the calculations of Urbain Le Verrier to know where to look.
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